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Citi state -- n. -- A region consisting of one or more historic central cities surrounded by cities and towns which have a shared identification, function as a single zone for trade, commerce and communication, and are characterized by social, economic and environmental interdependence. Hist. Similar to city states of antiquity (e.g. Athens, Rome, Carthage) or medieval times (e.g. the Hanseatic League), except that modern citistates engage in instant electronic communication and capital transfer, and are the chief recipients of world population growth. Presents an interesting concept of emerging economic organizations, with many points of comparison to the era of Classical City states.
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From an Oregon trial judge (Michael Marcus, District Court Judge) "...determined to bring some rationality into the crime and punishment debate." He asserts that "...all sentencing hearings (as well as pretrial release, post conviction supervision, and custodial curriculum decisions) should be based on readily available data about which sanctions and programs work on which categories of offenders." See What Are We up to and Why - or If We're Doing More Harm than Good, Why Rush? and We Can Do Better at Fighting Crime. Along similar lines, see The Death Penalty, by Jake Ortman, for a research page on the deterrent effects of the death penalty.
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Last revised February 7, 2001 |
For suggestions on sites to add and possible lessons and applications, contact
Dennis Boals Send E-Mail to dboals@execpc.com